What
is the Kingdom of Heaven?
by
Father Gregory Murphy
(a sermon preached at the Antiochian
Archdiocese's
Can-Am Regional Conference -- July 3rd, 2003)
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Master,
Bless.
In
the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
Amen.
"For
even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and
to give His life as a ransom for many."
This
theme of our regional conferences comes from the 10th chapter
of St. Mark's Gospel. The danger in having this verse on letterheads
and all sorts of publicity material is that it can too easily
become merely a slogan.
These
words are not just a clever phrase to be used on bumper stickers
or tee-shirts. True, this phrase easily rolls off the tongue,
but it is such a concentrated burst of wisdom and insight from
the Lord that it cannot be grasped in slogan-fashion.
One
might say that this short sentence is a "verbal Icon"
-- a window opening onto the vast expanse of the Kingdom of God.
Our Lord spoke these words as a way of drawing a clear distinction
for the Apostles between the kingdoms of this world and the Kingdom
of God, which He was about to bring upon the world.
"For
even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and
to give His life as a ransom for many."
To
keep this from being a mere slogan for the 2003 Can-Am Conference,
we must be challenged by the words. We must struggle with their
meaning. We must focus on the truth of these words and use it
as the guiding principle of our time together here this weekend.
We should ask ourselves: Why are we here? What difference will
this conference make in our lives? Will the Kingdom of Heaven
shine more brightly for the world around us after our time together?
"For
even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and
to give His life as a ransom for many."
As
a way of grappling with this passage, we would do well to consider
it in context. Specifically, this passage comes at the end of
a most distressing, shocking, and scandalous interchange between
the Apostles and Our Lord
It
all began after the rich young ruler turned from Jesus and went
away. Peter said to Jesus: "Lo, we have left everything
and followed you."
Jesus
answered him: "Truly, I say to you, there is no one who
has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children
or lands, for my sake and for the gospel, who will not receive
a hundredfold now in this time, houses and brothers and sisters
and mothers and children and lands, with persecutions, and in
the age to come eternal life. But many that are first will be
last, and the last first."
In
this 10th Chapter of Mark's Gospel, we see Jesus traveling all
around the region of Judea and beyond the Jordan, teaching and
witnessing to the Kingdom of God.
This
is the chapter where we see Blind Bartimaeus sitting in the dust
beside the road, crying out to Jesus for mercy, and receiving
his sight from the Son of Man. Jesus shows the Apostles and the
multitudes that the Kingdom of God is merciful.
This
is the chapter where we see the disciples rebuking people who
had brought their children to Jesus. And of Jesus' response: "Truly,
I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God like
a child shall not enter it." Jesus wanted his Apostles
to understand that God's Kingdom is for those who are guileless,
simple, honest, vulnerable and powerless.
This
is also the chapter were we see the rich young ruler come to Jesus
to ask him what he needs to do to inherit eternal life -- and
then we see him leave, filled with inner turmoil because his riches
were actually ruling him. Jesus shows us that it is not enough
to follow the letter of the Law (for the rich young ruler had
kept all the Law from his youth), but that one must give one's
whole heart to the Kingdom.
One
must desire the Kingdom of God above everything, and be willing
to sacrifice everything in this world (status, success, family,
wealth, comfort -- everything) to be part of a kingdom where self-sacrifice
and self-denying love is the measure of success. St. Mark says
that after Jesus taught these things about the Kingdom of God
that the Apostles "were amazed, and those who followed
were afraid."
To
be Amazed and Afraid -- that is the real attitude of the world
toward God's Kingdom. If you and I don't have a measure of amazement
and fear when we consider what we have been called to, then we
aren't paying attention to the Gospel.
This
whole chapter in St. Mark's Gospel is challenging us to understand
what it really means to be a citizen of the Kingdom of Heaven
-- not the kingdom that the Pharisees and the disciples were expecting,
but the true Messianic Kingdom that only blind beggars and little
children could see.
As
we will see, it takes nothing less than the re-creation of these
Apostles by the power of the Holy Spirit to move them from self-absorption
to sainthood.
Our
conference theme comes from the passage toward the end of chapter
10. We see the brothers James and John, the "sons of thunder,"
(two of the original four Apostles) trying to ingratiate themselves
to Jesus ("We want you to do for us whatever we ask")
-- and then they audaciously requested to sit in the most exalted
seats, once He finally took charge of things ("Grant us
to sit, one at your right hand and one at your left, when you
come into your glory").
As
one would expect, a heated reaction came from the other Apostles
when they got wind of James' and John's coup -- they were "indignant"
as St. Mark puts it -- but as we all know, family fights can be
the worst; so it's not hard to imagine how their indignation quickly
turned to resentment and raw anger.
Now
just before this interchange, Jesus had told Peter and all the
disciples that in the Kingdom of Heaven: "many that are
first will be last, and the last first." Jesus had also
just finished His most explicit foretelling of the events which
lay before them:
"And
taking the twelve again, he began to tell them what was to happen
to him, saying, 'Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem; and the
Son of man will be delivered to the chief priests and the scribes,
and they will condemn him to death, and deliver him to the Gentiles;
and they will mock him, and spit upon him, and scourge him, and
kill him; and after three days he will rise.' "
These
words were still echoing in the ears of the Apostles when James
and John approached Jesus to ask for seats of power. What infinite
patience our Lord has for us! Jesus had just showed them the Kingdom
by His actions, and His words describing His own sacrifice were
still hanging in the air, when James and John started jostling
for position and the other Apostles reacted with jealousy and
anger.
A
lesser god would have immediately reproached these bickering brats
for their impudence -- or maybe struck them down out of exasperation--
but we see Jesus pitying them in their ignorance: "will
you drink the cup I am to drink?" he asks them. "Will
you be baptized with the baptism in which I will be baptized?"
We
can imagine the chagrin on the faces of the twelve
their
embarrassment and shame.
This
is an uncomfortable passage to read. It is a powerful account,
embarrassing and shocking. Usually we think of the saints, of
the Apostles, with a sort of misty-eyed reverence. It is shocking
to think of the raw emotions revealed here: Pride and audacity,
jealousy and resentment, lust for power and acclaim.
Once
He had their attention, Jesus tried one more time to get through
to them. He called them to Himself, sat them down, and taught
them one more time: If they wanted to be rulers in God's Kingdom
then they needed to understand one thing:
Jesus said to them, You know that those who rule the nations lord
it over them, and their [tyrants dominate them] great ones exercise
authority over them. But it shall not be so among you, but whoever
desires to become great among you shall be your servant. And whoever
of you desires to become first, he shall be slave of all. For
even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and
to give His life as a ransom for many. (Mark 10:42-45)
For
all of their desire to be faithful to Jesus, the Apostles were
truly ignorant of what the Kingdom of God was all about. They
were "invincibly ignorant." They were "worldly
minded" -- though Jesus had told them clearly what lay before
them, they had yet to experience the unfolding of the Kingdom:
the Crucifixion, the Resurrection, the Ascension, and the outpouring
of the Holy Spirit.
Their
ignorance came from lack of capacity. They didn't even have the
facility to comprehend the nature of God's Kingdom until they
were "born again" at Pentecost. It was not until then,
when their minds were recreated, and opened to see the depth of
their own ignorance and self-delusion, that they were enabled
to live up the their role as Apostles.
Jesus
knew that neither they nor the crowds could understand what a
radically different kind of "kingdom" He was preparing
to bring upon the world. The Kingdom of God was so far removed
from the expectations they had firmly rooted in their minds. The
model they had for "Kingdom" was all twisted around.
The Kingdom of Israel was all twisted around. The Chief Priests
of the Temple, and the Pharisees and Saducees, the Roman authorities,
the Zealots, Caiaphas and Annas, Barsabbas, King Herod, Pontius
Pilate, and Caesar -- these were the models of kingship and the
Kingdoms that the Apostles knew. Who and what was the Messiah
and what was the Messianic Kingdom? They really didn't know.
God's
Kingdom is the complete and absolute inverse of the kingdoms of
this fallen and corrupt world -- a truth hidden from "common
sense" and "prudent politics." Even the angelic
powers were aghast when they saw the depths of condescension which
God was willing to undergo in order to bring about the Kingdom
of Righteousness to the world.
The
kingdoms of this world are made in the image and likeness of the
"ruler" of this world, the Evil One, who gained authority
over our forbearers by deceitful means, and who "lords it
over" every man and woman born into this world.
His
is the Machiavellian order of things; His is the image and likeness
of kings and rulers. His is the image of Caesar on the coin, the
image that had bewitched the rich young ruler and blocked his
entrance into God's Kingdom.
Well,
my brothers and sisters, we are gathered here together this weekend
as the company of those who have sought to be free from the kingdom
of this fallen world. In our baptisms we rose from the waters
of death with a new name; we were re-made in the image of the
One who burst out the doors of Hades and poured Light into the
dark, cruel corners of the Kingdom of Death. In Christ's Resurrection,
the Kingdom of God burst forth to pour out in abundance freedom
and the fresh, pure, beauty of God, Himself, into this tawdry,
cheap, crass, self-indulgent world.
"For
even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and
to give His life as a ransom for many."
As
we go forward together this weekend, let us keep these words in
mind, not as a slogan, but as the revelation that the tyranny
of the kingdom of the Evil One is broken, that for us the Kingdom
of Heaven is here -- right here, right now, as we walk in the
hotel hallways, sit in committee meetings, gather for dinner,
and especially as we assemble for prayers and for the Liturgy
with our Bishop -- the Kingdom of God, the Kingdom of love, is
a reality. But we must be conscious of its reality, and we must
work to make it a reality to those suffering from the tyranny
of the Evil One.
As
the Colonial Patriots proclaimed a "Call to Arms" on
the 4th of July, let this date, this time together, be for us
an opportunity to be reinvigorated and strengthened in our spiritual
warfare -- a reminder that we Christian Patriots don't seek peace
with the world, but rather to bring peace, God's Peace, into the
world.
We,
the Orthodox faithful, join in the declaration of our independence
when we recite the Nicene Creed. We know the war for our independence
is won, but there are still skirmishes to fight -- these are the
battles we wage with the demons who seek to hide in the recesses
of our hearts, and of our own desires and self-satisfied ambitions.
The war is won, but the skirmishes continue throughout our sojourn
in this world.
We
wage these battles, confident of the final outcome, and looking
with joy for the return of Christ our King and our God; but we
need strength in the battle. We find strength in our struggle
by being with each other, and praying for each other, and sharing
the Spirit, which God has so generously bestowed upon us.
"For
even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and
to give His life as a ransom for many."
Let us not remember this phrase as a slogan, but as a way of life
-- as a way of our life together as servants of the King in this
God-protected Archdiocese. May we never be complacent, but always
regard the Kingdom of God with amazement and fear.
May
almighty God, the Holy and ever-Blessed Trinity, sanctify our
time together this weekend, and empower us to make manifest His
Kingdom both here and in our parishes and communities upon our
return home.
Amen.
v
Fr. Gregory Murphy

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